PSG has now secured the season-opening cup on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired twice late to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the final seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.